Top List Of Interesting Proposal Essay Topics Ideas

Proposal Essay Topics Ideas The purpose of a proposal essay is to propose an idea and provide evidence or arguments to convince readers why an idea is good or bad. Consider yourself as a salesperson; your goal is to convince the customer why to buy a car, jewelry, or some product. In this case, the product is your idea and the customer is the professor. If you have never worked on a proposal essay before, you might feel insecure thinking there’s no way to pull it off. Not so fast! With a few ideas and simple strategy tips, you can complete this assignment successfully. Also, you can find college essay ideas on our site! So, let’s start! Your proposal essay should contain To create a high-quality proposal essay every time, you just have to follow the simple outline that revolves around: Introduction – provides background information and important details the reader should know before you move on to the other parts. The introduction has to catch the reader’s attention, make him/her want to read the paper. Let’s not forget the last sentence of the introduction accounts for a thesis statement. Proposal – a  statement of purpose. Generally, this is a brief section that informs the reader about your proposal i.e. the idea you want him/her to adopt. Make sure this section does not contain details about how you plan to carry out the proposal. Plan of action – here, your job is to explain how you plan to achieve the proposal. What will you do to show your reader why your proposal is valid? This is the section where you have to convince the reader to agree with your ideas. For every plan of action or evidence, use a separate paragraph. Conclusion – summarize the key points in a conclusion and include a call-to-action, if applicable. Make sure you don’t include new information into the conclusion because you would have to elaborate it thoroughly, and there’s no room for that in a paragraph-length section. Tips for proposal essay Carry out thorough research to find as many details as possible Support all your claims i.e. ideas with evidence Use only relevant sources, avoid blog posts and websites that aren’t credible Cite all the sources you use to avoid plagiarism Demonstrate your vocabulary skills and avoid overusing some words Avoid slang and informal speech Instead of including a bunch of ideas that are poorly discussed, stick to 3-5 ideas that you will develop thoroughly But what happens when a professor allows you to choose the title for a proposal essay? What to do then? Not to worry, you’ll find some amazing ideas below. 100 best proposal essay ideas Writing a proposal essay is not as hard as it may sound, it doesn’t matter how your professor or teacher describes it. Researching and choosing an interesting topic is the main point of writing an essay. You’ll easily find something suitable for yourself with the list of topics below, arranged for our readers by category. Education The topic of education carries a lot of problems and solutions, old ideas conflict new ones. Someone may try and give more possibilities and chances to students; others focus on treating teachers well. Youre free to choose your side and explore these topics. How can educational television shows about science receive more funding and airtime? Why are foreign languages in school important for our education? What can be done to improve student’s reading comprehension instead of calling words aloud without understanding them? The most successful inventors were known as wrong-thinkers at school. Later they were acknowledged as risk-taking pioneers. So should a teacher give students the chance of failing and learn by making mistakes? The current student grading system is flawed, but it can be fixed with these methods How should students be graded? How can parents, teachers, and society at large encourage more children to pursue an education in science? How can teachers improve sex education courses? How can teachers spot signs of bullying in their classes? In what ways can foreign language courses be improved? Health â€Å"Healthy mind in a healthy body.† It’s not a coincidence we always hear this phrase, as it is one of the most powerful quotes of all time. With chain restaurants growing and teenagers starting to drink or smoke earlier, writing an essay about health is a powerful move. In what ways can we reduce childhood obesity? How can parents make sure their children adopt healthy life values? How to reduce the rates of smoking among adolescents? How can the country ensure adequate health care coverage for all citizens without exceptions? How can be kids be persuaded not to experiment with drugs? Can antidepressant use enhance suicidal behaviors? Should it be limited or banned? What should be done to increase the funding for cancer research? What is the best way to prevent deaths from drunk driving? The risks of birth defects are significantly higher in test-tube babies. Should couples adopt children instead of having in-vitro fertilization? What would be an effective program to curb illegal drug use? Student lifestyle These topics may become the closest as you are a student. They will be the easiest to write and you might even use your personal experience in the process. Raise issues that your peers can relate to, and your proposal will be successful. What can be done to create a more well-rounded curriculum for middle and high school students? What are the measures to reduce alcohol use among adolescents? How can parents encourage their children to do more extracurricular activities? How can kids with divorced parents be counseled to do well in school, build successful lives and marriages, and have strong relationships? How can parents help children avoid or deal with bullying in school? How can parents protect their children from peer pressure? What is the best way to teach children responsibility? What is the most effective way to discipline a child? What can teachers do to establish a balance between engaging students and letting them overtake their authority and influence among students? What is the best way to impose and improve parental involvement in childhood education? Environment Environmental problems are discussed everywhere nowadays making this list the most interesting for the current audience. You can include a huge amount of recent research, creating a well-thought essay. What can the average person do to combat global climate change? What can the government do? To change the world you have to change yourself. What can you do to help the environment? Should animal exploitation by the dairy and meat industries be banned? Is veganism the only way to protect animal rights? What can be done for obsolete lifestyles? What can we do to reduce the risk of teen pregnancies? What improvements have to be made regarding sex education courses to decrease the rate of teen pregnancies? While vegans require others to respect their choices, why can’t they respect someone else’s? What strategies can help solve this issue? Should dog bite laws be more specific? For example, should pit bulls be banned, or should more attention be paid to the education of dog owners instead? What is the best solution for the problem of plastic bags? How can countries embrace the use of bicycles for short journeys? Technology The use of technology and the Internet has had a huge influence on society and the modern generation, making it the most progressive so far. Topics regarding this matter can differ, giving a student a wide range to choose from. How can people reduce their dependence on technology? How should children be taught about responsible Internet use? How to protect yourself and your identity from online theft. In what ways can companies and consumers keep sensitive information more secure online? How can parents and teachers effectively help eliminate cyber-bullying? Issues with cyber-crime and how it can be prevented. Are technology changes in our libraries effective for student research? Is wireless technology more cost-effective? Do you think teachers over-rely on technology in the US? Is technology advancing at a high rate and harming society? Sports We’re touching  something close to the health topic. Sport is a huge part of modern life, controversies and drama nowadays provides a topic to discuss for every fan. Should college athletes be paid? How can colleges better handle the combination of education, athletics, and business? How can coaches take encouragement to a whole new level for athletes? How can coaches and players talk to the media after losing a game? Should the use of steroids be legalized and monetized instead of being prohibited? Can the media do a better job at covering sports on television? If so, which sports should be shared? Should it be mandatory that players chosen for a team prepare themselves for possible injuries in the future and inability to play? How about retirement? Should hunting in all forms be prohibited by law? Should extreme activities for entertainment be banned? Benefits that daily exercise and sports bring to adolescents with physical or emotional challenges. How different activities (fitness, swimming, running, etc.) influence adolescents’ mood? Cybersport: can experienced gamers be considered professional athletes? Culture Topics of culture don’t just touch on modern living or traditions. It’s fair to include bullying, discrimination, tolerance, and bigger problems like racism or fascism. You need to be careful, as all these topics are quite sensitive. Bread and circus culture versus traditional family values. Different things parents can do to ensure their child treats others with respect. How can parents raise their children to have a sense of humility as opposed to entitlement? How can the government or society as a whole reduce homelessness in the United States? How can the government reduce the rates of discriminatory behavior toward ethnic minorities? How can we promote more tolerant behavior within US society? Lack of tolerance leads to erratic, racist, and fascistic behavior. Different measures to put a stop to those actions Risky behaviors are celebrated while morality is considered outdated and unacceptable. How to change things around? So many experts and so much bad behavior among children these days. Measures to take to turn things around What can be done about the decline of morality in the media? Business We can for sure say that business culture is overtaking the world today, bringing lots of issues and concerns into everyday life as well as creating false expectations. Everyone is involved in business already, whether you’re a businessman with a huge factory or just a customer at your local grocery shop. What initiatives should be implemented to protect small businesses from economic problems? What are the solutions to the erosion of trust contribution to the decline of the American business sector? How to support local businesses and prevent them from being destroyed by huge chains. Should the customer have the right to report mistreatment of companies lying to consumers? What can be done to solve the problem of unemployment? What is the most effective way for parents to teach their children about money? What steps should be taken from restraining qualified teachers from leaving the teaching profession? Employees should have the right to use their private emails at work. Should the emails remain private? What is the solution of unemployment among the youth? Does bankruptcy have to be an option? History Your exclusive point of view on historical background is something worth telling. You can find something interesting in the list below or customize the topics for your own taste, making it about your country or city. How did strong female leaders such as Jeanne dArc impact the development of society? An introduction to the Paleolithic Age: the development of society, fishing, hunting and gathering, and scavenging A list of the most significant historical events that shaped modern society. Would the possible outcome of WWII be better had the opposing side won? How did the abolition of slavery influence the US? Did its influence differ from other countries? What is the impact of Karl Marx on society? How were his writings abused in a variety of nominally communist parties, movements, uprisings, and nations? What are the events that led to the fall of the Roman Empire? Did the hippie culture of the 1960s normalize drug usage all over the world? The impact of gender roles of Roman society. Politics Choose topics that are most appropriate for the country youre currently living. You can explore the issue of improving the political situation in your city; try to create a new revolutionary idea and get people interested in it. What measures to introduce to avoid the next economic crisis? What could be done to make the electoral system more effective? What can be done to prevent other countries and parties from interfering in US elections? Does espionage law violate free speech? Should it be banned or improved? How can the government better handle illegal immigration? How can the government make programs such as welfare, Medicaid, and Social Security more effective? Measures to take to provide better conditions for US veterans. Should all prisoners have voting rights or only individuals on probation and those who have already served their sentences? What should be done to lower the national debt? Should people buy so many things using credit? What can be done to handle the culture of debt? Art and music This list contains the most diverse and varied topics, it’s more relevant to hobbies which will be easy and interesting to write about. If you are looking for a quick topic– write an essay on art and music. Should the government invest in funding and grants for up-and-coming musicians and artists? Discuss the benefits of art for society and individuals separately Which contemporary artists and musicians have had the most impact on you as a person? Explain their impact. Does rap music influence the behavior of modern teenagers? Is there a difference between rap of the 90s and modern rap regarding messages for society? How did the evolution of 1980s music influence US history? The evolution of the film industry post-World War II that shaped the modern era. Was the New Wave movement in cinema revolutionary? The British music invasion into the US market: an effect on American music. The transition from the 50s to 60s fashion. Is â€Å"Darkness Falls† by Patrick Hughes unique artwork? Bottom line When writing a proposal essay, your goal is to propose a few ideas regarding a certain topic, elaborate them, and convince readers to accept them. Picture yourself as a salesperson who has to convince the customer to make a purchase. Use the title ideas above to practice. Also, you can read about  connecting ideas in an essay! And never forget to use  essay checker!

My Utopia essays

My Utopia essays My utopia does not exist in a perfect world; the reason for this is that I believe there is no such thing as a perfect world. There are balanced worlds, and worlds that exist in harmony, but never a perfect world. If there were such thing as a perfect world there would be no need for advancements and breakthroughs as there is now. Society would become stagnant, and eventually die off. So in my utopia, my world, things are ever changing, there is not a day that is like any other; there are similarities, but never the same thing twice. The people that inhabit my world are content. They have all their needs met, and they meet the needs of their society. Everyone works. The need for everyone to work should be obvious. And anyone who does not work for the good for their society is exiled. As a reward for working, all a persons needs are met by the society they serve. If you work, you get a house, you get the food you need, and the clothing to clothe you. Other material possessions are earned through a merit system. Through this system, if you go above and beyond what is required of your responsibilities then you earn a merit, and merits can be exchanged for superficial possessions. Working also guarantees free health care. This, including relatives and children, if you are sick and cannot work, your relatives health care will cover you, covers everything. The same with any other special needs you or your family might have. They are all covered by society. Education is also provided by society. An individual can progress their quest for knowledge at any level for free. All institutions provide the same level of learning to all that apply. There will be no uneducated people in my utopia. Education is a fundamental of my utopian society. Education is encouraged by society, and progressive study beyond the required levels can also earn merits. To keep a well maintained society running smoothly, and elected body of officials whom...

ASIGN5_SMT312 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ASIGN5_SMT312 - Essay Example Energy costs take 8% of the GDP of the United States. The United States is conducting a geological survey to evaluate its oil reserves. OPEC refers to organization of the petroleum producing Exporting countries. This is a cartel of twelve countries namely United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Iran, Qatar, Libya, Nigeria Kuwait, Angola, Iraq and Algeria. The headquarters of OPEC are in Vienna. They hold regular meeting represented by member countries oil ministers. In 2008 Indonesia withdrew from the group due to its declining reserves. The countries with the most coal reserves in the world are the United States, Russia and China respectively. There are about 847 billion tones in the world. These are enough deposits to last the entire world for the next 130 years at the existent level of production. A survey conducted by the United States Geological Survey show areas around Arctic Alaska, Amerasia, East Greenland Rift Basins in North America have large deposits tar sand. It’s estimated that 84% of gas and oil production would take place off shore. Like any non-renewable energy source tar sand affect the environment. When being mined toxic chemical infiltrate rivers and other water bodies. In addition because of the high carbon emission it causes deforestation. Most of time a large section of trees, bushes, top soil are cleared thereby causing environmental degradation. The oil crisis in 1973 emanated when the then Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting placed an oil Embargo on the United States of America. It came about after the United States supplied Israeli with military equipment during the Yom Kippur War. The embargo was placed on October 1973 to march 1974 (Campbell, 89). 16 The 1979 oil crisis which is also known as the second oil crisis resulted from the Iranian Revolution. Massive protests that led to the fleeing of Mohammed Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, also disrupted the county’s oil sector

Ethical Position4.2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethical Position4.2 - Essay Example While the idea invokes personal commitment, several legal responsibilities have since been ratified to compel medical practitioners to account for their actions and behaviour in the course of duty (Chaloner, 2007). Benefits of good nursing practice to patient and society Critical evaluation of objective approach to nursing ethics suggests that the good nursing has a number abstract benefits to the patient, society and the institution. To begin with, patients often feel appreciated and respected when nurse recognize and respect their rights. A typical example is the right to informed consent where nurses provide patients with relevant clinical information and the desired outcome of a proposed intervention. Patients are then consulted to give informed consent while exercising autonomy over the choice of medical care they wish to receive. The comfort that comes with giving informed consent also makes the patient responsible for the outcome of the chosen intervention as reiterated by Gui do (2010). Secondly, particular consideration of the professional code of ethics is another important aspect of evaluating the benefits of good nursing. ... The society develops trust and confidence in healthcare facilities that have demonstrated outstanding commitment for professionalism, accountability and respect for patient needs (Cowen & Moorhead, 2011). From a different perspective, matters of confidentiality also form an integral part of the moral obligation in modern nursing practice. According to Guido (2010), nurses are required to keep all medical information of patient’s private and confidential at all times unless when there is undisputed evidence that keeping such information poses significant threat to the community. Otherwise, the knowledge that nurses might compromise the ethics of confidentiality could discourage patients from revealing pertinent details about their medical history and they can find it also difficult to confide in nurses. Such uncertainties have the potential of provoking anxiety and psychological distress among patients with sensitive health conditions which they might not want many people to kn ow about as observed by Chaloner (2007). These challenges can affect patient recovery or even worsen the condition especially in cases of mental health dilemmas. Current condition of healthcare in America As it stands today, America is a cosmopolitan society with a political, social and economic welfare statues that has been transformed by memories of struggle, tragedy and costly sacrifices aimed at America a better place for human habitation. No one is willing to see these milestones go down the drainage due to inadequate commitment to uphold excellence and professionalism across all spheres of human interaction in America. This realization is the

The way that law interacts with law enforcement Essay

The way that law interacts with law enforcement - Essay Example Criminal Justice System â€Å"A criminal justice system is a set of legal and social institutions for enforcing the criminal law in accordance with a defined set of procedural rules and limitations.† â€Å"The phrase criminal justice system refers to a collection of federal, state, and local public agencies that deal with the crime problem. These agencies process suspects, defendants, and convicted offenders and are interdependent insofar as the decisions of one agency affect other agencies. The basic framework of the system is provided by the legislative, judicial, and executive branches of government.† (Kirsten DeBarba) The system consists of the crime, the accused, the courts and then the jail where the accused is sent in case he is found guilty of committing the crime. It is the entire paradigm within which the focus lies on finding out the real culprit of the crime and involves various stages through which the accused is sent in order to determine the real cause of the crime committed. There is a certain criminal law which determines the entirety of the criminal justice system, and it is within the law through which the various bodies within the system work collectively. It has various sub-systems, and this paper shall be focussing on three broad categories and then identify the role of each and every body singularly. The bodies are as follows: 1. Law 2. Courts 3. Jail 4. Police Department 5. Prosecution and the Defence The above are broad categories within which the system is divided, and the paper shall focus on the relationship between law and the courts and jail on a collective basis. The paper shall compare each and every element exclusively with law and how it works in the real world. (What is Law Enforcement) Criminal Law: Let us first examine criminal law to understand the law behind curbing criminal activities, and how do we define such activities in the paradigm of criminal legislations. Criminal law has been designed to seek punish ment for the crimes which are committed by the citizens of the society, and it has a procedure code which allows for a process to take place in the lieu of providing justice. The law is designed in such a way that it allows for all the crimes which might be committed in the society to fall under its ambit. The law is only the beginning when it comes to curbing the crime, where it is just the starting point in the entire procedure to prevent the crime from happening. The law is a code which contains various clauses designed to punish the wrongdoer in each and every circumstance. (Law Enforcement and Crime) â€Å"Criminal law envelops the criminal procedure employed when charging, trying, sentencing and imprisoning defendants convicted of crimes, as well as regulation concerning how suspects are investigated, charged and tried. Criminal law is typically enforced by the government. The state, through a prosecutor, initiates the suit. Some subcategories of criminal law include Substant ive Criminal law; Criminal Procedure; and the special problems and issues arising in administration and enforcement of criminal justice.† (Crime and Law Enforcement) Courts The courts have a very specific role to play while dealing with law in criminal procedure. It is the duty of the court to be unbiased in its judgement and give both the parties a chance to be heard in essence. Courts usually listen to the prosecutor and the defence, and make their judgement

Hart, Fuller and Devlin Theories of Law and Morality

Hart, Fuller and Devlin Theories of Law and Morality Introduction This essay will explore the theories of Hart, Fuller and Devlin and consider there views on the link between law and morality. It will consider the debates mounted between Hart and Fuller and Hart and Devlin and what these debates add to our understanding to the link between law and morality. It will be argued and concluded that morality plays an important and essential role in our understanding of our legal responsibilities. It will recognise that there has been a long association between morality and law and that traditionally law has been associated with religions, customs and divinity. The Hart – Fuller Debate To understand Hart’s criticism of Fuller it is important to familiarise and understand the eight principles of the â€Å"inner morality† of the law that Fuller asserts and how in his view law and morality are intertwined. Fuller asserts that: A legal system must be base on or reveal some kind of regular tends. As such law should be founded on generalisations of conduct such as rules, rather than simply following arbitrary adjudication. Laws must be publicised so that subjects know how they are supposed to behave. Rules will not have the desired effect if it is likely that your present actions will not be judged by them in future. As such, retrospective legislation should not be abused. Laws should be comprehensible, even if it is only lawyers who understand them Laws should not be contradictory. Laws should not expect the subject to perform the impossible. Law should not change so frequently that the subject cannot orient his actions to it There should not be a significant difference between the actual administration of the law and what the written rules say These criteria are in the form of moral rules of duty. Fuller expresses them as principles or goals; generality of laws; promulgation of laws; minimising the use of retrospective laws; clarity; lack of contradiction; possibility of obedience, constancy through time; consistency between the words and practice of law[1]. Hart’s criticism of Fuller’s eight principles of â€Å"inner morality† of law must be understood. These principles, which loosely describe requirements of procedural justice, were claimed by Fuller to ensure that a legal system would satisfy the demand of morality, to the extent that a legal system which adhered to all of the principles would explain the all-important idea of â€Å"fidelity to law† In other words, such a legal system would command obedience with moral justification. Fuller’s key idea is that evil aims lack a â€Å"logic† and coherence that moral aims have. Thus, paying attention to the â€Å"coherence† of the laws ensures their morality. The argument is unfortunate because it does, of course, claim too much. Hart’s criticism is that we could, equally, have eight principles of the â€Å"inner morality† of the poisoner’s art. Or we can improvise further[2]. We can talk of the principles of the inner morality of Nazism, for example, or the principles of the inner morality of chess. Fuller’s explanation of the Nazi regime is insufficient and flawed, and we must take on Hart’s analysis. Fuller argues that the Nazi regime was so intrinsically evil that it could not be law, this it is argued, is not a sufficient conclusion. The point is that the idea of principles in themselves with the attendant explanation at a general level of what is to be achieved and consistency is insufficient to establish the moral nature of such practices. This was that there is an important sense of legal justification that claims made in the name of law are morally serious. At the least, the person who makes a genuine claim for legal justification of an immoral, Nazi-type legal system must believe that there is some moral force to his claim. Against Fuller, Hart insisted that the identification of a directive as law indicated nothing about the moral authority of that directive and thus nothing about whether that directive should be obeyed[3]. Consequently, claimed Hart, official and citizen disobedience to immoral directives would be facilitated not by pretending that such directives failed to qualify as legal just because of their perceived iniquity, but rather by internalising the fundamental positivist insight that law and morality were conceptually distinct. Because of this conceptual distinction between law and morality, Hart argued, a directives legality said nothing about its morality[4] The Hart- Devlin Debate Again, it is important at the outside to understand Devlin’s approach to law and morality, before considering Hart’s criticism of his approach. In â€Å"The Enforcement of Morals[5]† Devlin supported the view that law should not tolerate that which the reasonable man finds disgusting. Society needs a moral identity, because it is the moral values of society that make it cohere. For Devlin, even private acts of immorality can weaken the fabric of society if they are sufficiently grave. The balance that Devlin seeks to achieve is placed in the context of the political morality of contemporary society, where toleration is itself a prime moral principle. Thus there â€Å"Must be toleration of the maximum individual freedom that is consistent with the integrity of society[6]†. Devlin’s justification for the legal enforcement of morality is an extension of the harm principle to a perceived threat to society, rather than harm to other individuals. This seems quite a reasonable proposition. However this test is one that masquerades as (1) a relevant test for the principle and (2) an objective test. Devlin’s reasonable man is not asked in sociological terms what immorality is actually threatening to society. He is asked, instead, what he feels disgust at. Further he asserts that whilst the reasonable man test is employed as a way of alienating a courtroom issue from the subjective opinions of parties to a particular legal issue, it does not necessarily have the same effect in this situation. Devlin employs the term reasonable man to give the impression of objectivity. However it is a fiction to suggest that there is a reasonable man when it comes to difficult moral issues. The reasonable man of legal fiction is one who employs practical reason and due consideration when acting. However, all the practical reason and due consideration in the world will not change the preferences an prejudices that embody disgust. On the issue of homosexuality, many people intellectually feel that people’s sexual orientation is not a matter for legal intervention, but they nonetheless find homosexual acts to be repellent. The reasonable man test is thus a spurious validation for prevailing societal aesthetics, rather than a test of what society fe els to be threatening[7]. Devlin’s view should be contrasted with the view of Hart. In Law, Liberty and Morality[8], Hart recognises that there does not seem to be any real widely shared morality, and there can be no freedom if we are compelled to accept only those things that others approve of. Hart notes that there are certain constants of the human condition, which he terms the minimum content of natural law, such as the vulnerability of human beings. If we disregard these sociological facts it would be tantamount to suicide. But beyond these facts, society is faced with a choice of what rules to adopt in order to protect us from the frailties of the human condition[9]. Hart seems to assert that since the development of a society is a collective odyssey, the values that a society has adopted for its preservation and progress constitute a shared morality of sorts. This does not mean that the norms that a society has accepted and retained are ones that are logically necessary for the achievement of social preservation. However, they are instrumental in the maintenance of social cohesion. For this reason he would not accept Devlin’s analogy of deviation from moral norms with treason against society[10]. It may be that a change in morality can result in friction, but i t need not result in the collapse of society. Hart also adopts the harm principle, but denies that consent can be used as a mitigating factor. Equally, immoral acts in public may be harmful to others and, as such, open to legal censure, whereas acts in private should not be a matter for the law. His justification is that while the first is the legitimate prevention of harm, the latter is the enforcement of the societal will over the individual. Hart finds paternalism justified, but not enforce morality per se. Conclusion These theories forwarded create good arguments both for and against the inclusion of morality in law. A more complex case for the non-separation of laws and morals have been made more recently by Detmold: â€Å"Hart’s mistake†¦. Was to try to run two incompatible analyses together; the analysis of sociological statements, where existence can be separated from bindingness and thus from moral statements; and the analysis of internal normative statements, where it cannot. The Concept of Law suffers throughout from a failure to separate these things[11]† This is a true anylasis of Hart’s theories, and it was said at the introduction that it would be concluded that morality was a necessary part of the law and indeed it was important in helping society to understand its moral obligations, this is concluded. However it is difficulty to reach these conclusions, when the definition of morality is considered, it is such an abstract concept is it even possible to pin it down to a definition? It suffices to say that there is no requirement to look outside information or reason in order to find and answer to some moral dilemmas. Often moral feelings run against he grain of other people’s views and even our own reasoning. As such, morals defined in this way are capable of producing infinite disagreement, since different people’s consciences dictate different things. Considering morals in this light suggests that there is absence of universal agreement, if this is the case, how can they effect our understanding of our legal obligations? This would mean that the legal obligations of one person are not necessarily that of another person, this said it follows that what is legally wrong finds its basis somewhere and it is suggested that this base is morality. Although it should be recognised that no all laws are moral- this means that our understanding of the legal/moral argument whilst added to by the debates of Hart, Devlin and Fuller, is not concluded, and it is unlikely that it ever will be. Bibliography Journal Articles Curzon L, (1992) â€Å"Jurisprudence: The Hart-Fuller Debate† Student Law Review 1992 6 (Sum) 55-56 Hayry H, (1991) â€Å"Liberalism and Legal Moralism: The Hart-Devlin Debate and Beyond† Ratio Juris 4(2) 202-218 Schauer F, (2005) â€Å"The Social Construction of the Concept of Law: A Reply to Julia Dickinson†, Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 25 (493) Books Devlin P, (1965) â€Å"The Enforcement of Morals†, Oxford University Press, Oxford Detmold M J, (1984) â€Å"The Unity of Law and Morality: A Refutation of Legal Positivism†, London: Routledge Kegan Paul Doherty M, (2003) â€Å"Jurisprudence: The Philosophy of Law†, Third Edition, Old Bailey Press Fuller L, (1969) â€Å"The Morality of Law† Yale (reprinted 2003) H L A Hart, (1963) â€Å"Law, Liberty and Morality†, Oxford University Press, Oxford Lloyd D, (2001) â€Å"Lloyd’s Introduction to Jurisprudence†, Seventh Edition, London, Sweet and Maxwell 1 Footnotes [1] See Fuller L, (1969) â€Å"The Morality of Law† Yale (reprinted 2003) [2] See Doherty M, (2003) â€Å"Jurisprudence: The Philosophy of Law†, Third Edition, Old Bailey Press [3] See further Curzon L, (1992) â€Å"Jurisprudence: The Hart-Fuller Debate† Student Law Review 1992 6 (Sum) 55-56 [4] Schauer F, (2005) â€Å"The Social Construction of the Concept of Law: A Reply to Julia Dickinson†, Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 25 (493) [5] Devlin P, (1965) â€Å"The Enforcement of Morals†, Oxford University Press, Oxford [6] See Devlin P, (1965) â€Å"The Enforcement of Morals†, Oxford University Press, Oxford [7] See See Doherty M, (2003) â€Å"Jurisprudence: The Philosophy of Law†, Third Edition, Old Bailey Press for further discussion on this point [8] H L A Hart, (1963) â€Å"Law, Liberty and Morality†, Oxford University Press, Oxford [9] Lloyd D, (2001) â€Å"Lloyd’s Introduction to Jurisprudence†, Seventh Edition, London, Sweet and Maxwell [10] For further discussion generally see Hayry H, (1991) â€Å"Liberalism and Legal Moralism: The Hart-Devlin Debate and Beyond† Ratio Juris 4(2) 202-218 [11] Detmold M J, (1984) â€Å"The Unity of Law and Morality: A Refutation of Legal Positivism†, London: Routledge Kegan Paul

Chinesse Education :: essays research papers

China has a long and rich cultural tradition in which education has played a major role. In 124 BC the first university was established for training prospective bureaucrats in Confucian learning and the Chinese classics. Only members of the upper class could attend school. Peasants and factory workers did not have the time to attend school; therefore as of 1949 only 20% of China was literate. The Communists who controlled China considered illiteracy a major stumbling block in their promotion of political programs. They then combined political propaganda with educational development. During the first few years (1949-51) of this push on education, over 60 million peasants enrolled in winter schools, or sessions, established to take advantage of the slack season for agricultural workers. Mao, the Communist leader of China, felt that the ultimate goal of education was to eliminate class distinction. After Mao’s death in 1976 a review of government policies concerning education was started. Out of this review came standardized testing and the reinstitution of entrance exams to get into schools and these exams were also used to get in the civil service.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chinese children entered school at age six and stayed for six years. They would study the Chinese language, math and other basic subjects. After going to an elementary school children would enter a middle school. The subjects the Chinese taught were particularly important for the advancement of the country. During the Ming dynasty Chinese novels became very popular. There were many poems and collections of short stories. The Ming also established free schools for the public hoping to expand education in china.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gifted students were selected for studying abroad especially in the United States. As these students finished their education and returned to China some of them teaching at Chinese Universities a major political unrest began to place.

Manufacturing Beauty

Manufacturing Beauty Manufacturing Beauty Cindy Jackson in my opinion has major issues. She thinks beauty is on the outside and does whatever she can to make herself look like an imaginary person. It seems to me that she is doing all this to try to make money. Her website is all about selling cosmetics. In which I am betting she doesn’t even use herself, because if there is a flaw in her mind she corrects it with surgery, so why does she need cosmetics? I think that her self-esteem is still extremely low even after all the surgeries and it has been from the start. The physical attractiveness of a person influences every individual throughout every community, across the United States and around the world. All people inherit and alter their physical attractiveness, which is determined by complex, interdependent, physical, and non-physical factors. Hidden and not-hidden values drive thoughts and actions with significant effects and realities whereby higher physical attractiveness is beneficial, lower physical attractiveness is detrimental and associated pursuits are relentless. Physical attractiveness may look skin-deep as a surface aspect of appearance, but looks can be deceiving. Researchers throughout the world collect empirical data complemented with anecdotal data to probe beyond the surfaces. Through investigations that meet meticulous scientific methodological procedures, acute observations reveal previously undetected dimensions that advance understanding about physical attractiveness (Patzer, 2006). I think the mass media has a huge influence on her. Even according her, she wants to look like Barbie â€Å"I looked at a Barbie doll when I was 6 and said, ‘This is what I want to look like. ’ She spent $100,000 on the operations because she ‘wanted to look better’, â€Å"Barbie was the blank canvas I filled in all those years ago. It was still my role model. † Cindy believed she was being ‘held back by her looks’ and that with surgery to make her more like her idol, she believes she is happier and has a better quality in life. Although this example is both rare and extreme, it is interesting to observe a woman's behavior later in life, which so blatantly and clearly links her desire of appearance to a prototype presented to her as a child. (2009) I my opinion the theme of â€Å"Manufacturing Beauty† can mean several things. I think that for one and the main theme is that a person is doing everything they can to try to make themselves beautiful in everybody else’s eyes. This is impossible, because everybody sees beauty a different why. For instance, I might be attracted to a woman at first sight but after I get to know, I may not find her beautiful; because I think, beauty is on the inside and not the physical appearance. In conclusion, I do not approve of what she is doing but then I do not have to. I think she is giving young women a very bad influence. I wish young women would see that being different is a great thing and that looking like everybody else is very boring. References (2009). Living Doll. Retrieved from http://blamingthemedia. blogspot. com/2009_09_01_archive. html Patzer, G. (2006). The Power and Paradox of Physical Attractiveness

Attachment Report Guidlines Essay Example

Attachment Report Guidlines Essay Example Attachment Report Guidlines Essay Attachment Report Guidlines Essay Attachment report is a record of activities undertaken by the student while on attachment. It should, thus, provide the details of the institutions where students were attached, a description of activities undertaken by the students and lessons learnt during the attachment period. The report should, thus contain the following sections: 1. Title Page a. Should contain the title of the report e. g. â€Å"Report of the Field Attachment Undertaken at MOI University, Nairobi Campus From 20th Feb to 30th May† b. Name and registration number of student c. Statement on the purpose of the report, e. g. â€Å"Report Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Award of Bachelor of Science in Communication and Journalism† d. Date of Submission 2. Abstract 3. Dedication 4. Acknowledgements 5. Table of Contents 6. Chapter One a. Introduction – Provide a comprehensive background information relating to the organization under which you were attached, i. e. History, Core functions and Organizational Structure of the organization b. Management Structure and Functions of the department under which you undertook your attachment 7. Chapter Two a. The period within which the exercise was undertaken b. Objectives that you set to achieve during this period c. Key responsibilities assigned 8. Chapter Three a. Provide a detailed description of your field attachment experience, i. e. , i. Major activities in which you were involved ii. Key achievements during this period/Contributions you made to the organization iii. Lessons learnt/Knowledge and skills acquired 9. Chapter Four a. Summary i. Provide a brief summary (not more than two pages) of the above. ii. Recommendations – Any recommendations regarding the programme, for which you are registered, based on your experiences in the field. 10. Appendices a. Attach any documents you developed during the attachment period, pictures you took, stories you wrote, etc.

Drug Testing in the Workplace essays

Drug Testing in the Workplace essays We resolve that drug testing is an invasion of privacy and infringes on employees personal rights. We will show that drug testing is a violation of the Fourth and Fifth Amendments. The courts maintained this interpretation until recently. We will argue that any test must be both valid and reliable, and drug tests are neither. Drug testing is used to detect the presence of illegal drugs found in a persons body; this is done by collecting a specimen of blood, sweat, hair, or most commonly urine. Drug testing is a humiliating experience because it makes the employees feel as though theyre criminals. The individual is watched carefully as he or she urinates into a cup in a restroom with no running water. This is done so that the individual will not tamper with the specimen. Companies follow these procedures to ensure truthfulness. However, random drug testing infringes on our Civil Rights. They are an invasion of privacy, which is protected by the Fourth Amendment. Urinalysis reveals not only the presence of illegal drugs, but it also reveals the existence of many other physical and medical conditions including genetic diseases and pregnancy (www.aclu.org/library/pbr5.html ). The disclosure of this type of information can be both embarrassing and harmful to ones career. Further more, the Fourth Amend ment guarantees the right of the people to be secure in their person, houses, papers and effects against unreasonable search and seizure except upon probable cause. Therefore government and business policies on pre-employment and random drug testing in the work place are in direct violation of this right. The Due Process clause of the Fourth Amendment states that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of the law. Pre-employment drug screening completely defies this in that it gives a prospective employee no chance of challenging the test. The...

Global Communication Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Global Communication Strategies - Essay Example Experts attribute these challenges to VUCA, which is, volatile, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity. The company emphasises on global interactions by its employees. The employees should demonstrate they have the ability to interact with other foreign communities, and be able to understand their language. In addition, the company offers its employees with intercultural literature for the purpose of studies (Daniel, 1975). The company often faces ethnocentrism barrier. It is hard for the employees to interact with other cultures because of the presence of individuals ethnocentrism. It is a belief that a persons culture is more superior to another. The barrier has prevented progression of interactions. In addition, the company is facing the barrier of intercultural communication apprehension. Majority of foreign cultures are anxious when it comes to anticipation of communication between people of different cultures. Those with higher apprehension are less likely to be sociable. The company relied on various strategies to help sort the barriers. There are two strategies; push and pull. The company focused on pull strategy. The strategy advocates for a network approach. Experts argued that the push strategy was more hierarchical. In addition, the business is supporting the idea bridging different cultures. Pull strategy is the best to create a bridge. It will assist the business develop more customised goods and services that would serve all cultures (Bollier,

Rape Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Rape Culture - Essay Example Most people believe there is a rape culture today on campuses and other higher learning institutions. This paper has put out some views to support the argument for existence of college rape It is projected that the degree of false rape ranges between two to ten percent. Victims should report such cases. Other individuals may also report cases of another person rape case whereas it never occurred, for instance, a mother may falsely report a child rape or a boyfriend may falsely report a girlfriend’s rape. False rape victims provide false evidence like giving bloodied clothes, disarranging the room to indicate that there was a struggle. The existence of false rape is real. Psychologists and counselors argue that false rape signals different kind of problem. These problems mostly are psychological and may require quick intervention (John, 2008). The alleged victim should go through thorough counseling before any other action. The argument about false discussed some of the causes. Some of the cause includes attention seeking, revenge, psychological distress, and greed for power and or money. Some victims may attempt to report a false rape out of curiosity. They may be interested to know what will happen to people around him or her. Distraction is another cause for one to report a false rape. They may want to distract the police, family, or even friend from a particular occurrence. False rape in colleges and universities is mainly for attention seeking. A victim may falsely claim rape in order to seek attention from the individuals he or she is interested in. for instance a woman may falsely accuse a boyfriend of rape in order to get his attention. Students also may report false rape to seek their parent’s attention. Parents may neglect their children while in colleges and universities (John, 2008). This may affect the child psychologically leading him or her to reporting